Engine



April 26,1927.

ENGINE W. H. BROADFIELD Filed Dec. 7. 1922 L 5 '551mA /NvfA/we:

Meo /700 ,Shana/w20 Patented' Apr. 26, 1927.

UNITED STATES f '1,625,880 PATENT OFFICE.

wann nom' Bnoanrrnnn, or CANTON, omo, AssIeNon To THEN. n. munis INDUS- rnnss COMPANY, or cANroN, 01110,; conrona'rroN or omo.

ENGINE.

Application illed December 7, 1922. Serial No. 605,508.

This invention. relates to an engine, more particularly an'enginc of the internal com-' `permit the oil to fiow back into the engi/ne crank case.

A further lobject 'of the invention is to provide a piston ring having an oil collecting groove or channel in its under surface,

but which groove or channel terminates at points remote from the ends of the ring so as to revent the escape of the oil into the joint or the ring.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention relates fromv the following description taken in connection with the following drawings, wherein- Fig. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view of an engine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a bottom plan View of the oil collecting ring. Y

Fig. 3. is a fragmentary section, enlarged.

Fig.4 is a section on the line 4-4 of the drawings, 1 indicates an engine cylinder, which may be of any desired construction. To simphy the illustration, a fragmentary portion only of the walls of one cylinder is shown, lbut it will be understood at there may be as many cylinders as desired. My invention may be applied to enes of Avar ng t s and also engines in lliich diergiit kinydpseof motive power may be used. In the present application of my inventionjI have shown it embodied in an engine' of the internal combustion type. 2 indicates as an entirety a piston which may be cast from aluminum or'other alloys, as desired. The piston 2 comprises a head 3, a

skirt 4 and bosses 5. At o posite sides the skirt is provided with bri ging sections 3* (only one being shown), which su port the bosses 5, and between the bosses 5, but preferably in a plane slightly above them), the skirt 4 is formed with openings 6 extending circumferentially thereof. The lower edge of each bridging section 3 is separated from the adjacent portion of the sklrt 4 to provide an opening 3b. The purpose of the openings 6 and 3" will. later be set forth. 7, 8, indicate. annular grooves formed in the upper portion of the skirt 4 and adapted to respectively receive -a. compression ring 9 and an oil collecting ring 10, thereby provlding an annular wall 11 below the ring groove 8. The upper portion of the skirt 4,

and the curved sections between the bridgi ing sections 3a have the same diameter, but

for reasons which will later appear, the an! nular wall 11 is slightly smaller in diameter, approximately. 1/64th of an inch.

The compression ring 9 may be of any desired construction, for example, such as shown in Patent No. 1,280,493 granted to Stewart S. Kurtz, Jr., Oct. 1, 1918. The` ring 10 is preferably made in one piece and jointed at its ends in any desired manner.

In the preferred form of construction, as illustrated, the opposite ends of the ringv 10 are cut atan angle, as shown at 10. so that they overlap. for well known reasons.

l2 indicates an oil collecting groove formed in the underside or surface of the ring 10 and extending from a point near one end of the ring to a point near its opposite ends. As shown in Fig. 3, the groove 12 is formed by cut-ting the metal away to form a substantially vertical wall 13 and an inclined wall 14. lThe inclined wall 14 extends downwardly and outwardly to the outer circumferentialfsurface of the ring 10, forming therewith a relatively thin sharp edge, which serves to engage the oil on the interior wall of the cylinder 1, scrape the engine. By. providing the piston skirt with openings 6 and 3" below the annular wall 11, it Awill be seen that the escape of I the oil is greatly facilitated, since it can How through these openings into the piston and then through its open end.

I t will be noted from Fig. 2 of the drawings, that theY groove 12 terminates at points remote from the opposite ends of the piston ring 10. as shown at 12, the purpose of this form of construction being to prevent the oil collected in the ring groove 12 from flowing'circumferentially and escaping into the joint between the endsv of the ring or the space between these ends, and hence past the piston into the cylinder space thereabove. In actual practice, I have found that by terminating the oil collecting groove 12 or closing its opposite ends at points remote from the ring ends, I am enabled to prevent the flow or escape of the oil into the ring joint, and hence by keeping the oil out of this joint, I am enabled to prevent its escape past the piston and the manifold disadvantages which would thus result. In forming the groove 1.2 in the piston ring, 'I' prefer to hold the latter wit-hin a cylindrical shaped support, the inner wall of which engages thel outer circumferential surface of the ring 10. Accordingly, in cutting the groove 13 the tool forces or dis-- places the metal at the free end ofthe inclined wall 14 outwardly so that the scraping edge of the ring thus formed is disposed 'or extends slightly beyond the plane ofthat surface of the ring which constitutes its under surface when in use.

To those skilled the art vto which my invention relates, many modications and applications of the invention will suggest themselves without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. The illustrations and the disclosure herein are purely illustrative and are not intended to be 'in any sense limiting.

What I claim is: i 1. In an engine, the combination 'with a cylinder, of a piston having a head and a skirt, said skirt beingformed with an annular groove, and a.` ring mounted in said annular groove, said ring being formed in its under surface with 'a recess extending from a point remote from one end to a point remote from its other end and closed at its opposite ends to prevent oil from flowing into the joint of the ring, and' the outer wall of the recess in said ring extending outwardly and downwardly beyond the lower surface of said ring and forming with the outer surface of the ring a relatively thin edge disposed' below the lower surface thereof and adapted to scrape oil from the wall of the cylinder and guide it into said recess.

2. In an engine, the combination with a cy1inder,'of a piston having a head and a skirt, said skirt being formed with an annular groove and provided with an annular wall adjacent said groove of less diameter than the diameter of said skirt, and a ring mounted in' said annular groove, said ring being formed in its under surface with a recess extending from a point remote from one end to 'a point remote from its other end and closed at its opposite ends to prevent oil from flowing into the joint ofthe ring and the outer 4wall of said recess extending outwardly and downwardly beyond the lower` surface of said ring and forming with the outer periphery thereof a relatively sharp scraping edge disposed below said lower surface and adapted to scrape oil from the wall, of said cylinder.

3. In an engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a piston having a head and a skirt, the upper portion of sai skirt being formed with an annular groove nd the lower portion beingprovided with pin bosses and formed with openings at points above and below4 the'latter and the vwall 4of said skirt between said groove and the adjacent opening being of ess-diameter than the upper ortion of said skirt, and a ring mounte in said annular groove, the lower surface of said ring being formed with a recess having outer and inner walls terminating at i ints beyond and within thecircumferentlal edge of the lower wall of said groove, respectively, whereby a recess is formed between said groove wall and said inner .wall of the recess.

4.- Apiston ring comprising an annular member having its ends shaped to form a `joint between them and formed in one surface with a oove extending circumferentially of member and terminating at points remote from its opposite ends to prevent oil collected in said groove when the ring is in use from flowing into said joint, the outerwall of the groove being inclined voutwardly and downwardly and extending to a point beyond the plane of the adjacent surface of the ring and forming with the outer peripheral face of the ring a relatively sharp scraping edge. In testimony whereof. I have hereunto subscribed my name.

WARD HOLT BROADFIELD. 

